The hell hole which was Bankipur

Chapeau, Damon Galgut. Chapter 3. Perhaps no Indian and no European could have written such a rich and insightful description of E. M. Forrester’s first visit to India.

As a character in Chapter 4 observes, the desires and sufferings of a closet homosexual in Victorian England are trivial. (“Yes, it is, if you only knew it. What you want is to live with a man in a happy home. But you don’t know how trivial it is. Marriage is emblematic of modern life. The way men and women are together—it’s a silly business, it has no nobility. I wish you could see that, instead of romanticising it.”) And Forrester’s resentment against his beloved Massood for not wanting to be his lover is ugly — and a lesson for heterosexual men not to encourage what cannot be by offering their homosexual admirers the sop of friendship. And not to be surprised when women do the same thing.

But the India, and the Indians — both native and colonial — are superb. Anyone who knows India, recognizes it immediately.

Chapeau, chapeau.

Damon Galgut’s Arctic Summer

Akan or a good riff

In this novel about Bronislaw Pilsudski, the elder brother of Jozef, and the first ethnographer to study the Sakhalin Ainu, there is a section in which the narrator, having at length described the hell which was exile to Siberia, reads, now safely returned to Warsaw, the letters from the fellow exile Bronislaw to his brother, a socialist revolutionary in Poland, and watches a kind of transformation taking place before his eyes as he reads, from the familiar suffering European exile, who hates them, into an unfamiliar, otherworldly, perhaps animalistic, Siberian primitive who has somehow merged himself into that distant us.

It’s very good craftsmanship.

Paweł Goźliński, “Akan. Powieść o Bronisławie Piłsudskim”

The sound of silence

Late August dusk. The air is perfectly still. I lie on a high bed, face turned towards the wide open window, looking out. Before me I can see the green of the surrounding trees gradually turning dimmer and dimmer.

Nothing is stirring. No leaf trembles in the wind. No bird flutters, no critter scurries. There are no distant cars or airplanes. Nothing. It is completely calm.

In that nothing I hear a very low, high pitched buzz, as if of a million barely audible insects. One reads about it in literature: that silence can fill one’s ears like cotton. What is that sound? Is it the sound of leaves growing? Water coursing through the vessels in the tree trunks? Or is it the sound of my own body? The pressure of my blood coursing through my veins? A billion billion neurons of my own firing?

Here are some answers:

In 1953 Heller and Bergman performed an simple and classic experiment. They placed 80 tinnitus free individuals (university members) in a sound proofed room for 5 minutes each, asking them to report on any sounds that might be heard. The subjects thought they might be undergoing a hearing test, but actually experienced 5 minutes of total silence. 93% reported hearing buzzing, pulsing, whistling sounds in the head or ears identical to those reported by tinnitus sufferers. This simple experiment shows almost anyone can detect background electrical activity present in every living nerve cell in the hearing pathways as a sound.

Or:

If it’s only noticeable in “dead” silence, rather than a typical quiet room, you might be hearing your blood flow (a whooshing noise) or nervous system (almost sounds like mosquitos), and it’s not a medical problem, it’s just your body’s low-level noises, and pretty much anyone would hear them in the same circumstances, like an anechoic chamber.

Or:

I had someone tell me once that the sound you discuss is that of air molecules simply bouncing off each other, in other words the minimum amount of noise that is possible under any conditions that would sustain life.

Or:

Most people aren’t aware that the Earth has a natural resonance; some say it’s F sharp others say it’s G; well it doesn’t really matter because it does have a frequency; and so do all the planets in the solar system perhaps the entire universe.

Living proof that cocktail parties are important

De Maurier started writing because she was bored in prewar Alexandria with its interminable cocktail parties. And this is what she wrote.


Last night I dreamed I went to Manderley again. It seemed to me I stood by the iron gate leading to the drive, and for a while I could not enter, for the way was barred to me. There was a padlock and a chain upon the gate. I called in my dream to the lodge keeper, and had no answer, and peering closer through the rusted spokes of the gate I saw that the lodge was uninhabited.

No smoke came from the chimney, and the little lattice windows gaped forlorn. Then, like all dreamers, I was possessed of a sudden with supernatural powers and passed like a spirit through the barrier before me. The drive wound away in front of me, twisting and turning as it had always done, but as I advanced I was aware that a change had come upon it; it was narrow and unkept, not the drive that we had known. At first I was puzzled and did not understand, and it was only when I bent my head to avoid the low swinging branch of a tree that I realized what had happened. Nature had come into her own again and, little by little, in her stealthy, insidious way had encroached upon the drive with long, tenacious fingers. The woods, always a menace even in the past, had triumphed in the end. They crowded, dark and uncontrolled, to the borders of the drive. The beeches with white, naked limbs leaned close to one another, their branches intermingled in a strange embrace, making a vault above my head like the archway of a church. And there were other trees as well, trees that I did not recognize, squat oaks and tortured elms that straggled cheek by jowl with the beeches, and had thrust themselves out of the quiet earth, along with monster shrubs and plants, none of which I remembered.

The drive was a ribbon now, a thread of its former self, with gravel surface gone, and choked with grass and moss. The trees had thrown out low branches, making an impediment to progress; the gnarled roots looked like skeleton claws. Scattered here and again among this jungle growth I would recognize shrubs that had been landmarks in our time, things of culture and grace, hydrangeas whose blue heads had been famous. No hand had checked their progress, and they had gone native now, rearing to monster height without a bloom, black and ugly as the nameless parasites that grew beside them.

On and on, now east now west, wound the poor thread that once had been our drive. Sometimes I thought it lost, but it appeared again, beneath a fallen tree perhaps, or struggling on the other side of a muddied ditch created by the winter rains. I had not thought the way so long. Surely the miles had multiplied, even as the trees had done, and this path led but to a labyrinth, some choked wilderness, and not to the house at all. I came upon it suddenly; the approach masked by the unnatural growth of a vast shrub that spread in all directions, and I stood, my heart thumping in my breast, the strange prick of tears behind my eyes.

There was Manderley, our Manderley, secretive and silent as it had always been, the gray stone shining in the moonlight of my dream, the mullioned windows reflecting the green lawns and the terrace. Time could not wreck the perfect symmetry of those walls, nor the site itself, a jewel in the hollow of a hand.

The terrace sloped to the lawns, and the lawns stretched to the sea, and turning I could see the sheet of silver placid under the moon, like a lake undisturbed by wind or storm. No waves would come to ruffle this dream water, and no bulk of cloud, wind-driven from the west, obscure the clarity of this pale sky. I turned again to the house, and though it stood inviolate, untouched, as though we ourselves had left but yesterday, I saw that the garden had obeyed the jungle law, even as the woods had done. The rhododendrons stood fifty feet high, twisted and entwined with bracken, and they had entered into alien marriage with a host of nameless shrubs, poor, bastard things that clung about their roots as though conscious of their spurious origin. A lilac had mated with a copper beech, and to bind them yet more closely to one another the malevolent ivy, always an enemy to grace, had thrown her tendrils about the pair and made them prisoners. Ivy held prior place in this lost garden, the long strands crept across the lawns, and soon would encroach upon the house itself. There was another plant too, some half-breed from the woods, whose seed had been scattered long ago beneath the trees and then forgotten, and now, marching in unison with the ivy, thrust its ugly form like a giant rhubarb towards the soft grass where the daffodils had blown.

Nettles were everywhere, the vanguard of the army. They choked the terrace, they sprawled about the paths, they leaned, vulgar and lanky, against the very windows of the house. They made indifferent sentinels, for in many places their ranks had been broken by the rhubarb plant, and they lay with crumpled heads and listless stems, making a pathway for the rabbits. I left the drive and went onto the terrace, for the nettles were no barrier to me, a dreamer. I walked enchanted, and nothing held me back.

Moonlight can play odd tricks upon the fancy, even upon a dreamer’s fancy. As I stood there, hushed and still, I could swear that the house was not an empty shell but lived and breathed as it had lived before.

Light came from the windows, the curtains blew softly in the night air, and there, in the library, the door would stand half open as we had left it, with my handkerchief on the table beside the bowl of autumn roses.

Daphne du Maurier, Rebecca

Konna yume wo mita (9)

It was twilight, in a medieval city, in the shadow of a large cathedral, which had in its external side-wall a open oratory – a kind of chapel, under a sloping Gothic arch, with an iron grill grate. We stood there, a small crowd, waiting, in gathering darkness, for the image in the oratory to be unveiled. When it was, it shone with a warm, golden light in the near-dark.

The crowd was small. This was not a national rite, but something for the few who had assembled there.

The image was not The Virgin, but… Magdalena.

I wore a broad brimmed hat, with a large ostrich feather, knee-high boots with sleeves, buckles and spurs, and a rapier at my side. My father stood at my side. He found something to criticize in my posture as unworthy of a nobleman.

The following day being a Saturday, I got up and, on a lark, drove to Metz. I parked at the station and walked to the Cathedral. I walked all around it and found no oratory.

When I think about it, I think the Cathedral in Venice has one.

Unless this ceases

“Unless this ceases, one of you shall die, you are disgracing the memory of my father, and if I end it by killing one of you, then God will forgive me, for it is according to our Holy Law, as you both know” — words of King Faruk.

Husseinen’s death in an automobile accident in 1949 may not have been entirely accidental.

He already had a close brush with death 27 years earlier, when, during his 1922 Sahara expedition, Rosita Forbes misread her compass.

William Stadiem, Too Rich: The High Life and Tragic Death of King Faruk

Things you learn by reading books

Three things. One, two, three.

  1. All these people are driven by ambition: X is publishing, Y is publishing, why am I not publishing?
  2. The high profile of The Wasteland has always puzzled me. And now I know: it became famous because it was well launched. American publishers have decided to give it a prize sight unseen, as a bribe to get the publishing rights (and work around their fixed fee policy). Influential critics who praised it in public, simultaneously confessed in private that they didn’t actually like it. No one much liked it, really, but Ezra Pound pushed it because he wanted to help T. S. Eliot quit his banking job. The Emperor really is naked.
  3. All these people go through very severe influenza in 1922 — four years after the peak of the epidemic.

And then a quote from D. H. Lawrence:

More and more I feel that meditation and the inner life are not my aim, but some  sort of action and strenuousness and pain and frustration and struggling through. Men have to fight a way for the new incarnation. And the fight and the  sorrow and the loss of blood, and even the influenzas and the headache are part  of the fight and the fulfillment. Let nobody try to filch from me even my  influenza.—I’ve got influenza at the moment. 

Bill Goldstein, The World Broke in Two: Virginia Woolf, T. S. Eliot, D. H. Lawrence, E. M. Forster and the Year that Changed Literature